Magnitude of trachoma cases and associated factors among ophthalmic clients attending Menelik II Comprehensive Referral hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20372/ejphn.V7i2.247Keywords:
Trachoma, personal hygiene, Menelik II comprehensive specialized hospitalAbstract
Background: Trachoma is the most common infectious cause of blindness worldwide, with an estimated 229 million people in 53 countries living in trachoma-endemic areas. It continues to be endemic in many developing countries like Ethiopia, with more than 76 million people living with trachoma in various parts of the country. So far, no study has been conducted in the study area.
Objective: To assess the magnitude of trachoma cases and associated factors among ophthalmic clients attending Menelik II Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2022.
Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was employed in Menelik II Comprehensive specialized Hospital from July 1 to August 1, 2022. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select 607 study participants. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire through face-to-face interview and clinical examination. Data was coded and entered to Epi-info version 7.25 and exported to SPSS version 23 for cleaning and analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independently associated factors.
Result: This result revealed that 8.4% of ophthalmic clients have Trachomatous Trichiasis (95% CI: 6.1%-10.6%). Additionally, Trachomatous Scar (2.5%), Trachomatous Follicle (1.8%), and Corneal Opacity (6.1%) were also found in Menelik II comprehensive specialized hospital. Those who were lacking the kitchen (AOR= 0.147, 95% CI 0.05–0.40); presence of trash within the compound (AOR =1.86, 95% CI 1.2-2.8), flies on a child's face (AOR =3.14, 95% CI 1.2–8.3), clients without latrine utilization (AOR= 0.56, 95% CI 0.3-0.9), and daily laborers (AOR= 2.09, 95% CI 1.3-3.2) were independent predictors of trachoma.
Conclusions: The magnitude of trachoma was low. Those who had the absence of proper kitchen facilities, being a daily laborer, the presence of trash in the compound, and the presence of flies on a child's face and without latrine utilization were more likely to be affected by trachoma. Therefore, by implementing preventive measures such as improved hygiene practices, regular eye examinations, and access to clean water and sanitation, trachoma can be effectively controlled and even eliminated.
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