Potency of horse-derived antivenoms against Bitis parviocula and Echis pyramidium venoms

Authors

  • Gebrewold G Ethiopian Public Health Institute Author
  • Urga K Ethiopian Public Health Institute Author
  • Hurisa B Ethiopian Public Health Institute Author
  • Mengesha Adimasu Ethiopian Public Health Institute Author
  • Dagne K Addis Ababa University Author
  • Dagne K Addis Ababa University Author
  • Sintayehu Abate Temesgen University of Gondar Author

Keywords:

Antivenom, Bitis parviocula, Echis pyramidium, FAV-AFRIQUE, VACSERA

Abstract

Background: Envenomation in Ethiopia especially rural area is the most serious health hazards. The greater risk of snakebite and unavailability and cost forces us to find out solution.

 

Objective: To assess the efficacy of two horse-derived antivenoms against venoms of Bitis parviocula and Echis pyramidium snake species.

 

Methods: Venom specimens (B. parviocula and E. pyramidium) were captured in Southwestern (Dima) and Eastern (Yandui Diressa) parts of Ethiopia.

 

Results: The study conferred 16.2U of VECSERA antivenom did not completely neutralize 107.3 µg B.porviocula venom, compared to 8.4 U of FAB-AFRIQUE antivenom which completely neutralized the venom. FAB-AFRIQUE antivenom of 7.3U completely neutralized 84.4 µg E.pyramidium venom, but a similar response was not seen when VACSERA antivenom was used, even at the dose of 15.3U. The potency of the anti-lethal toxin effect of FAV-AFRIQUE antivenom was two-fold higher than that of VACSERA antivenom. There was a statistically significant difference between the cross-neutralizing activity of FAB-AFRIQUE and VECSEARA antivenoms (p<0.05).

 

Conclusion: The two horse-derived antivenom protections on lethality mice were effective. The potency of polyvalent antivenoms is increasing from VACSERA to FAV-AFRIQUE.

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Author Biographies

  • Gebrewold G, Ethiopian Public Health Institute

    Ethiopian Public Health Institute, P.O. Box 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

  • Urga K, Ethiopian Public Health Institute

    Ethiopian Public Health Institute, P.O. Box 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

  • Hurisa B, Ethiopian Public Health Institute

    Ethiopian Public Health Institute, P.O. Box 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

  • Mengesha Adimasu, Ethiopian Public Health Institute

    Ethiopian Public Health Institute, P.O. Box 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

  • Dagne K, Addis Ababa University

    College of Computational and Natural Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176,Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

  • Dagne K, Addis Ababa University

    College of Computational and Natural Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176,Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

  • Sintayehu Abate Temesgen, University of Gondar

    Ethiopian Public Health Institute, P.O. Box 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

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Published

2017-11-30

Issue

Vol. 2 No. 1 (2017)

Section

Original Article

License

Copyright (c) 2023 Ethiopian Journal of Public Health and Nutrition (EJPHN)

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

This work is licensed under GNU General public license.

How to Cite

G, G. et al. (2017) “Potency of horse-derived antivenoms against Bitis parviocula and Echis pyramidium venoms”, Ethiopian Journal of Public Health and Nutrition (EJPHN), 2(1), pp. 15–19. Available at: https://ejphn.ephi.gov.et/index.php/ejphn/article/view/111 (Accessed: 16 October 2026).

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