Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates from blood samples referred to National Reference Laboratory, Ethiopia

Authors

  • Amete Mihret Teshale Ethiopian Public Health Institute Author
  • Negga Asamene Abera Ethiopian Public Health Institute Author
  • Rajiha Abubeker Ibrahim Ethiopian Public Health Institute Author
  • Surafel Fentaw Dinku Ethiopian Public Health Institute Author
  • Abebe Aseffa Negeri Ethiopian Public Health Institute Author
  • Meseret Asefa Oda Ethiopian Public Health Institute Author
  • Degefu Beyene Gobeze Ethiopian Public Health Institute Author
  • Elias Seyoum Derbe Ethiopian Public Health Institute Author
  • Tesfa Addis Kefyalew Ethiopian Public Health Institute Author
  • Yonas Mekonnen Gebeyehu Ethiopian Public Health Institute Author
  • Eyasu Tigabu Seyoum Ethiopian Public Health Institute Author
  • Sintayehu Abate Temesgen Ethiopian Public Health Institute Author

Keywords:

Blood stream infections, antimicrobial susceptibility, bacterial isolates

Abstract

Background: Blood stream infections are very common public health problem that are known to cause high case-fatality rates. Globally, approximately 200,000 cases of bacteraemia occur annually with mortality rates ranging from 20-50%. Early diagnosis and treatment of these infections can make the difference between life and death.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates recovered from blood samples.

Methods: This is a retrospective study that used data on blood culture test performed from 2010 to 2015 at Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology Laboratory of Ethiopian Public Health Institute. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Frequency and percentage of variables was calculated. Chi-square test was used to show association between variables.   

Results: Of the 1327 blood samples processed, 156 (11.8%) of them were cultures positive for bacterial growth. Compared to other age groups, patients with age ranging from one month to seven years were highly affected. The most frequently isolated bacteria were Coagulase negative Staphylococcus 48(30.8%), S.aureus 31(19.9%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae 20(12.8%). Coagulase negative Staphylococcus isolates were less susceptible to penicillin and cotri-moxazole and alarmingly susceptible to clindamycin. Enterobacteriaceae have shown good susceptibility to chloramphenicol. Very close to 50% of the tested isolates were found to be Multi-drug resistant.  

Conclusion: The findings from this study demonstrate that the prevalence of bacteremia is considerably high and the antimicrobial resistance pattern of bacterial isolates is very alarming. Continuous monitoring of bacterial pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance pattern is necessary for proper treatment of patients and also for better prevention and containment of antimicrobial resistance.

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Author Biographies

  • Amete Mihret Teshale, Ethiopian Public Health Institute

    Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology National Reference Laboratory

  • Negga Asamene Abera, Ethiopian Public Health Institute

    Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology National Reference Laboratory

  • Rajiha Abubeker Ibrahim, Ethiopian Public Health Institute

    Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology National Reference Laboratory

  • Surafel Fentaw Dinku, Ethiopian Public Health Institute

    Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology National Reference Laboratory

  • Abebe Aseffa Negeri, Ethiopian Public Health Institute

    Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology National Reference Laboratory

  • Meseret Asefa Oda, Ethiopian Public Health Institute

    Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology National Reference Laboratory

  • Degefu Beyene Gobeze, Ethiopian Public Health Institute

    Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology National Reference Laboratory

  • Elias Seyoum Derbe, Ethiopian Public Health Institute

    Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology National Reference Laboratory

  • Tesfa Addis Kefyalew, Ethiopian Public Health Institute

    Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology National Reference Laboratory

  • Yonas Mekonnen Gebeyehu, Ethiopian Public Health Institute
    Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology National Reference Laboratory
  • Eyasu Tigabu Seyoum, Ethiopian Public Health Institute

    Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology National Reference Laboratory

  • Sintayehu Abate Temesgen, Ethiopian Public Health Institute

    Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology National Reference Laboratory

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Published

2017-06-20

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Original Article

How to Cite

Mihret , A. (2017) “Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates from blood samples referred to National Reference Laboratory, Ethiopia”, Ethiopian Journal of Public Health and Nutrition (EJPHN), 2(1), pp. 20–24. Available at: https://ejphn.ephi.gov.et/index.php/ejphn/article/view/110 (Accessed: 8 November 2024).

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